The effects of bright light therapy on depression and sleep disturbances in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundDepression and sleep disturbance are well-recognized non-motor features in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This meta-analysis aimed to explore the potential role of bright light therapy (BLT) in depression and sleep disturbances in Parkinson's Disease (PD).MethodsFour databases were independently searched by two reviewers: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Embase until February 2021. We evaluated the following depression related scales: Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI); the Geriatric Depression Rating Scale, 30-item (GDS-30); the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS); the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS); the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS); the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); the Parkinson's disease sleep scale (PDSS); Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease Sleep Scale (SCOPA) and the Insomnia severity index (ISI) to access the effects of bright light therapy on depression and sleep disturbances in patients with PD. Effect size (standardized mean deviation [SMD] and 95% confidence interval [CI]) were used to analyze the continuous results data of intervention group and control light group. Data from five randomized, controlled trials totaling 173 patients with PD was included.ResultsBLT significantly improved depression symptoms (BDI, GDS-30, HDRS and HADS) of PD patients (0.34, 95% CI = 0.06–0.61). Insomnia symptoms (SCOPA and ISI) for patients with PD were significantly improved by BLT as well (1.15, 95% CI = 0.71–1.60). Whereas, no difference was observed in the control light group in improving the depression or insomnia symptoms of PD patients.ConclusionBLT is an effective intervention for improving depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances in patients with PD.     

Evaluating the accuracy (trueness and precision) of interim crowns manufactured using digital light processing according to post-curing time: An in vitro study

PURPOSEThis study aimed to compare the accuracy (trueness and precision) of interim crowns fabricated using DLP (digital light processing) according to post-curing time.MATERIALS AND METHODSA virtual stone study die of the upper right first molar was created using a dental laboratory scanner. After designing interim crowns on the virtual study die and saving them as Standard Triangulated Language files, 30 interim crowns were fabricated using a DLP-type 3D printer. Additively manufactured interim crowns were post-cured using three different time conditions-10-minute post-curing interim crown (10-MPCI), 20-minute post-curing interim crown (20-MPCI), and 30-minute post-curing interim crown (30-MPCI) (n = 10 per group). The scan data of the external and intaglio surfaces were overlapped with reference crown data, and trueness was measured using the best-fit alignment method. In the external and intaglio surface groups (n = 45 per group), precision was measured using a combination formula exclusive to scan data (₁₀C₂). Significant differences in accuracy (trueness and precision) data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and post hoc analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni correction (α=.05).RESULTSIn the 10-MPCI, 20-MPCI, and 30-MPCI groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the accuracy of the external and intaglio surfaces (P <.05). On the external and intaglio surfaces, the root mean square (RMS) values of trueness and precision were the lowest in the 10-MPCI group.CONCLUSIONInterim crowns with 10-minute post-curing showed high accuracy.     

渗透树脂对树脂充填体釉质边缘漂白后微渗漏的影响研究#br#

目的    研究渗透树脂对树脂充填体釉质边缘漂白后微渗漏的影响。方法    选择由郑州大学第一附属医院口腔颌面外科门诊提供的因阻生而拔除的第三磨牙45颗,并在其颊面颈部制备V类洞。将所有离体牙随机分为3组,每组15颗,根据操作方法分别记为树脂充填组、树脂充填+冷光美白组和树脂充填+冷光美白+渗透树脂组。3组离体牙充填后进行500次冷热温度循环,然后在2%的碱性品红溶液中浸泡24 h,把离体牙沿颊舌向纵向剖开,用体式显微镜观察,并用S-EYE软件测量染料渗透深度。结果    3组染料渗透深度总的比较,差异有统计学意义（H = 10.182,P < 0.05）。其中,树脂充填+冷光美白组染料渗透深度大于树脂充填组和树脂充填+冷光美白+渗透树脂组,差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）;树脂充填+冷光美白+渗透树脂组染料渗透深度与树脂充填组相比,差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论    漂白剂加重了树脂充填体边缘的微渗漏,同时渗透树脂的应用能有效减少漂白剂对树脂充填体边缘微渗漏的影响。     

Efficacy of Iliac Crest vs. Medpor in Orbital Floor Reconstruction

Aim  

The present study is to compare the effectiveness of iliac crest graft and medpor implant, for repairing traumatic orbital floor defects.     

亚甲蓝对玻璃离子水门汀物理特性的影响

目的为清晰辨别充填后玻璃离子水门汀和牙体组织间的界限,将亚甲蓝溶液加入玻璃离子水门汀中,通过观察亚甲蓝溶液对玻璃离子水门汀显微硬度、吸水性和溶解性的影响,探讨使用亚甲蓝改变玻璃离子水门汀颜色的可行性。方法将1%亚甲蓝染液1μl加入100μl的玻璃离子液中调匀,按产品说明书的粉液比要求调拌玻璃离子水门汀制作测试片,以未添加亚甲蓝的玻璃离子水门汀测试片为对照组,每组各制备40个。测量玻璃离子水门汀固化后1h、1周、2周的显微硬度及1周的吸水性和溶解性。结果亚甲蓝组和对照组玻璃离子水门汀的显微硬度、吸水性及溶解性差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论万分之一含量的亚甲蓝即可改变玻璃离子水门汀颜色,但对材料的表面硬度、吸水性和溶解性无明显影响。     

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提要：光固化复合树脂应用于口腔医学已经有30年历史,光固化灯作为固化光源直接影响了复合树脂的性能及修复效果。目前临床常用的固化灯类型有传统卤光灯、速效卤光灯、发光二极管灯、等离子弧光灯、氩激光灯。本文主要介绍了每种光固化灯的特点、对复合树脂聚合固化的影响因素及使用注意事项。     

Phosphorylation and function of cardiac myosin binding protein-C in health and disease

During the past 5 years there has been an increasing body of literature describing the roles cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBP-C) phosphorylation play in regulating cardiac function and heart failure. cMyBP-C is a sarcomeric thick filament protein that interacts with titin, myosin and actin to regulate sarcomeric assembly, structure and function. Elucidating the function of cMyBP-C is clinically important because mutations in this protein have been linked to cardiomyopathy in more than sixty million people worldwide. One function of cMyBP-C is to regulate cross-bridge formation through dynamic phosphorylation by protein kinase A, protein kinase C and Ca²⁺-calmodulin-activated kinase II, suggesting that cMyBP-C phosphorylation serves as a highly coordinated point of contractile regulation. Moreover, dephosphorylation of cMyBP-C, which accelerates its degradation, has been shown to associate with the development of heart failure in mouse models and in humans. Strikingly, cMyBP-C phosphorylation presents a potential target for therapeutic development as protection against ischemic-reperfusion injury, which has been demonstrated in mouse hearts. Also, emerging evidence suggests that cMyBP-C has the potential to be used as a biomarker for diagnosing myocardial infarction. Although many aspects of cMyBP-C phosphorylation and function remain poorly understood, cMyBP-C and its phosphorylation states have significant promise as a target for therapy and for providing a better understanding of the mechanics of heart function during health and disease. In this review we discuss the most recent findings with respect to cMyBP-C phosphorylation and function and determine potential future directions to better understand the functional role of cMyBP-C and phosphorylation in sarcomeric structure, myocardial contractility and cardioprotection.     

复方亚甲蓝混合液皮内注射辅助治疗肛周瘙痒的临床观察

为评价复方亚甲蓝混合液局部皮内注射辅助治疗以肛周瘙痒为主要症状的肛周疾患的临床疗效,将248例以肛周瘙痒为主要症状的患者随机分为治疗组（132例）和对照组（116例）,治疗组采用皮损局部皮内注射亚甲蓝混合液（1％亚甲蓝1．5ml、0．75％布比卡因5ml、2％利多卡因5ml和10％碳酸氢钠10ml）加常规药物治疗,对照组只采用常规药物治疗,伴有痔、肛周尖锐湿疣或病变皮肤等均行手术切除。结果显示,治疗组痊愈96例,显效36例,无无效病例,有效率为100％;对照组痊愈51例,显效50例,无效15例,有效率为87．1％。治疗组有效率明显高于对照组,P〈0．01。随访3个月,治疗组复发率（3．8％）明显低于对照组（28．4％）,P〈0．01。结果表明,复方亚甲蓝混合液局部皮内注射辅助治疗以肛周瘙痒为主要症状的肛周疾患临床疗效满意、安全、复发率低。